[feat, fix] positioning, font size, and flex-items link
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---
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{
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title: "CSS Fundamentals",
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description: "A beginners course for CSS box model, HTML defaults, flex box layout, grid box layout, responsive design, selectors, units, and variables.",
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description: "A beginners course for CSS box model, HTML defaults, flexbox layout, gridbox layout, responsive design, selectors, units, and variables.",
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published: "2022-01-18T20:08:26.988Z",
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authors: ["ljtech"],
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tags: ["css", "design"],
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@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ These placement methods are used to distribute both flex and gridbox items:
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- [`place-content`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/place-content) - shorthand property for [`align-content`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/align-content) and [`justify-content`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/justify-content)
|
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- [`place-items`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/place-items) - shorthand property for [`align-items`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/align-items) and [`justify-items`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/justify-items)
|
||||
- [`place-self`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/place-self) - shorthand property for [`align-self`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/align-self) and [`justify-content`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/justify-self)
|
||||
- [`place-self`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/place-self) - shorthand property for [`align-self`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/align-self) and [`justify-self`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/justify-self)
|
||||
|
||||
> 🤓 These are some godly CSS properties that everyone should know about
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -283,28 +283,55 @@ Here is a list of CSS properties used to control gridbox properties:
|
||||
|
||||
## Positioning
|
||||
|
||||
The CSS property `position` determines an elements flow inside a document. You can add the CSS properties `top`, `right`, `bottom`, `left` to create an offset on a positioned element or control its order using `z-index`, allowing for elements to overlap one another.
|
||||
The CSS property `position` determines an elements flow inside a document.
|
||||
|
||||
The CSS properties `top`, `bottom`, `left`, `right` are used on positioned elements to control an offset while `z-index` controls the elements order (bringing it to the front or back).
|
||||
|
||||

|
||||
|
||||
```css
|
||||
.root {
|
||||
position: relative;
|
||||
width: 768px;
|
||||
height: 272px;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
.container {
|
||||
position: absolute;
|
||||
left: 224px;
|
||||
top: 100px;
|
||||
width: 320px;
|
||||
height: 145px;
|
||||
z-index: 90;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
.item {
|
||||
position: absolute;
|
||||
bottom: 50px;
|
||||
right: 90px;
|
||||
width: 213px;
|
||||
height: 65px;
|
||||
z-index: 100;
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
There are five types of element positions:
|
||||
|
||||
- **Absolute** - The element is removed from document flow and positioned relative to the nearest `position: relative` parent
|
||||
- Can be offset relative to the parent container and ordered
|
||||
- **Fixed** - The element is removed from document flow and positioned relative to the initial container
|
||||
- Can be offset relative to the initial container and ordered
|
||||
|
||||
- **Relative** - The element flows normally and provides relative positioning for children elements
|
||||
- Can be offset relative to itself and ordered
|
||||
|
||||
- **Static** - The default position
|
||||
- Unaffected by offset and order
|
||||
|
||||
- **Sticky** - The element flows normally and "sticks" to the nearest container
|
||||
- A mixture between relative and fixed positions depending on the scroll mechanism
|
||||
- Can be offset relative to the parent container and ordered
|
||||
|
||||
> ⚡ Live Code Example: **COMING SOON!**
|
||||
> ⚡ Live Code Example: [Positioning](https://codesandbox.io/s/positioning-gzzv3?file=/styles.css)
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -320,7 +347,7 @@ For example, YouTube uses a flexbox to space out their headers children elements
|
||||
|
||||

|
||||
|
||||
> 🤓 Mastering the flexbox will take you very far in CSS
|
||||
> 🤓 Mastering the flexbox will take you very far in CSS as it is used everywhere
|
||||
|
||||
#### Gridbox:
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
Before Width: | Height: | Size: 16 KiB After Width: | Height: | Size: 18 KiB |
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Before Width: | Height: | Size: 16 KiB After Width: | Height: | Size: 18 KiB |
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Before Width: | Height: | Size: 16 KiB After Width: | Height: | Size: 18 KiB |
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Before Width: | Height: | Size: 16 KiB After Width: | Height: | Size: 18 KiB |
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Before Width: | Height: | Size: 16 KiB After Width: | Height: | Size: 18 KiB |
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Before Width: | Height: | Size: 16 KiB After Width: | Height: | Size: 18 KiB |
|
Before Width: | Height: | Size: 68 KiB After Width: | Height: | Size: 71 KiB |
|
Before Width: | Height: | Size: 24 KiB After Width: | Height: | Size: 27 KiB |
|
Before Width: | Height: | Size: 25 KiB After Width: | Height: | Size: 28 KiB |